小米路由器官方提供的固件是自定义格式，而且刷机时要验证 RSA 签名，因此刷自制固件比较麻烦。
最终通过对固件工具mkxqimage和固件的分析，基本弄清楚了固件打包和解包的流程，采用修改 flash.sh 来烧录重新打包的固件，绕过 mkxqimage的重新打包和验证。
同时今天分享一款AX3600的openwrt(qsdk)固件ax3600刷openwrt(qsdk)固件下载刷机教程
固件解包
下面以 AX3600 稳定版 1.0.67 为例，介绍固件修改和打包方法。
用mkxqimage解包固件
cd /tmp/diy mkxqimage -x miwifi_r3600_firmware_f7f3e_1.0.67.bin
得到 2 个文件：
root.ubi
xiaoqiang
root.ubi 是 FLASH 全镜像，这个文件 ubi 格式，使用以下命令解包。
ubireader_extract_images root.ubi img-267845145_vol-kernel.ubifs img-267845145_vol-ubi_rootfs.ubifs
前者是内核镜像，基本不需要修改，就不研究了
后者是硬盘固件镜像，是 squashfs 格式，挂载然后修改
mount -o loop -t squashfs img-267845145_vol-ubi_rootfs.ubifs /mnt/ubi rsync -az /mnt/ubi /mnt/rootfscd /mnt/rootfs diy umount /mnt/ubi mksquashfs rootfs rootfs.ubifs -b 256k -comp xz
固件打包
将修改后的固件镜像和内核镜像这两个文件重新打包成 ubi 格式
先运行命令获取原包的参数
ubireader_display_info '/home/basher/root.ubi'
然后根据获取到的信息将下面文件写入到 ubinize.cfg
[kernel] mode=ubi image=img-267845145_vol-ubi_kernel.ubifs vol_id=0 vol_type=dynamic vol_name=kernel vol_alignment=1 [ubi_rootfs] mode=ubi image=rootfs.ubifs vol_id=1 vol_type=dynamic vol_name=ubi_rootfs vol_alignment=1
运行下面命令打包
sudo ubinize -o root.img -Q 267845145 -m 2048 -p 128KiB -O 2048 ubinize.cfg
本来想用 mkxqimage 再打包成固件包在线更新安装的，结果这个 mkxqimage 更新了，原来的打包参数不对，懒得去研究了，就直接修改 flash.sh 直接进行命令行烧录更新了
flash.sh root.img
修改后的 flash.sh
#!/bin/sh
. /lib/functions.sh
klogger() {
local msg1="$1"
local msg2="$2"
if [ "$msg1" = "-n" ]; then
echo -n "$msg2" >> /dev/kmsg 2>/dev/null
echo -n "$msg2"
else
echo "$msg1" >> /dev/kmsg 2>/dev/null
echo "$msg1"
fi
return 0
}
hndmsg() {
if [ -n "$msg" ]; then
echo "$msg"
echo "$msg" >> /dev/kmsg 2>/dev/null
echo $log > /proc/sys/kernel/printk
stty intr ^C
exit 1
fi
}
uperr() {
exit 1
}
pipe_upgrade_rootfs_ubi() {
local mtd_dev=mtd$1
local package=$2
if [ -f $package -a $1 ]; then
klogger -n "Burning rootfs image to $mtd_dev ..."
ubiformat /dev/$mtd_dev -f $package -s 2048 -O 2048 -y
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
klogger "Done"
else
klogger "Error"
uperr
fi
fi
}
verify_rootfs_ubifs() {
local mtd_devn=$1
local temp_ubi_data_devn=9
klogger "Check if mtd$mtd_devn can be attached as an ubi device ..."
# Try attach the device
ubiattach /dev/ubi_ctrl -d $temp_ubi_data_devn -m $mtd_devn -O 2048
if [ "$?" == "0" ]; then
klogger "PASSED"
ubidetach -d $temp_ubi_data_devn
return 0
else
klogger "FAILED"
return 1
fi
}
board_prepare_upgrade() {
# gently stop pppd, let it close pppoe session
ifdown wan
timeout=5
while [ $timeout -gt 0 ]; do
pidof pppd >/dev/null || break
sleep 1
let timeout=timeout-1
done
# down backhauls
#ifconfig eth3 down
#ifconfig wl01 down
#ifconfig wl11 down
# clean up upgrading environment
# call shutdown scripts with some exceptions
wait_stat=0
klogger "@Shutdown service "
for i in /etc/rc.d/K*; do
# filter out K01reboot-wdt and K99umount
case $i in
*reboot-wdt | *umount)
klogger "$i skipped"
continue
;;
esac
[ -x "$i" ] || continue
# wait for high-priority K* scripts to finish
if echo "$i" | grep -qE "K7"; then
if [ $wait_stat -eq 0 ]; then
wait
sleep 2
wait_stat=1
fi
klogger " service $i shutdown 2>&1"
$i shutdown 2>&1
else
klogger " service $i shutdown 2>&1 &"
$i shutdown 2>&1 &
fi
done
# try to kill all userspace processes
# at this point the process tree should look like
# init(1)---sh(***)---flash.sh(***)
klogger "@Killing user process "
for i in $(ps w | grep -v "flash.sh" | grep -v "/bin/ash" | grep -v "PID" | grep -v watchdog | awk '{print $1}'); do
if [ $i -gt 100 ]; then
# skip if kthread
[ -f "/proc/${i}/cmdline" ] || continue
[ -z "`cat /proc/${i}/cmdline`" ] && {
klogger " $i is kthread, skip"
continue
}
klogger " kill user process {`ps -w | grep $i | grep -v grep`} "
kill $i 2>/dev/null
# TODO: Revert to SIGKILL after watchdog bug is fixed
# kill -9 $i 2>/dev/null
fi
done
# flush cache and dump meminfo
sync
echo 3>/proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
klogger "@dump meminfo"
klogger "`cat /proc/meminfo | xargs`"
}
board_start_upgrade_led() {
gpio 1 1
gpio 3 1
gpio l 1000 2
}
board_system_upgrade() {
local filename=$1
uboot_mtd=$(grep '"0:APPSBL"' /proc/mtd | awk -F: '{print substr($1,4)}')
crash_mtd=$(grep '"crash"' /proc/mtd | awk -F: '{print substr($1,4)}')
#kernel0_mtd=$(grep '"kernel0"' /proc/mtd | awk -F: '{print substr($1,4)}')
#kernel1_mtd=$(grep '"kernel1"' /proc/mtd | awk -F: '{print substr($1,4)}')
rootfs0_mtd=$(grep '"rootfs"' /proc/mtd | awk -F: '{print substr($1,4)}')
rootfs1_mtd=$(grep '"rootfs_1"' /proc/mtd | awk -F: '{print substr($1,4)}')
os_idx=$(nvram get flag_boot_rootfs)
rootfs_mtd_current=$(($rootfs0_mtd+${os_idx:-0}))
rootfs_mtd_target=$(($rootfs0_mtd+$rootfs1_mtd-$rootfs_mtd_current))
#kernel_mtd_current=$(($rootfs_mtd_current-2))
#kernel_mtd_target=$(($kernel0_mtd+$kernel1_mtd-$kernel_mtd_current))
#pipe_upgrade_uboot $uboot_mtd $filename
#pipe_upgrade_kernel $kernel_mtd_target $filename
pipe_upgrade_rootfs_ubi $rootfs_mtd_target $filename
# back up etc
rm -rf /data/etc_bak
cp -prf /etc /data/etc_bak
}
upgrade_param_check() {
if [ -z "$1" -o ! -f "$1" ]; then
klogger "USAGE: $0 input.bin [1:restore defaults, 0:don't] [1:don't reboot, 0:reboot]"
exit 1
fi
flg_ota=`nvram get flag_ota_reboot`
if [ "$flg_ota" = "1" ]; then
klogger "flag_ota_reboot is set ?"
exit 1
fi
cur_ver=`cat /usr/share/xiaoqiang/xiaoqiang_version`
klogger "Begin Ugrading..., current version: $cur_ver"
sync
model=`cat /proc/xiaoqiang/model`
[ "$model" != "R4A" -a "$model" != "R3GV2" ] && echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
}
upgrade_prepare_dir() {
absolute_path=`echo "$(cd "$(dirname "$1")"; pwd)/$(basename "$1")"`
mount -o remount,size=100% /tmp
rm -rf /tmp/system_upgrade
mkdir -p /tmp/system_upgrade
if [ ${absolute_path:0:4} = "/tmp" ]; then
file_in_tmp=1
mv $absolute_path /tmp/system_upgrade/
else
file_in_tmp=0
cp $absolute_path /tmp/system_upgrade/
fi
}
upgrade_done_set_flags() {
# tell server upgrade is finished
[ -f /etc/config/messaging -a -f /sbin/uci ] && {
/sbin/uci set /etc/config/messaging.deviceInfo.UPGRADE_STATUS_UPLOAD=0
/sbin/uci commit
klogger "messaging.deviceInfo.UPGRADE_STATUS_UPLOAD=`uci get /etc/config/messaging.deviceInfo.UPGRADE_STATUS_UPLOAD`"
klogger "/etc/config/messaging : `cat /etc/config/messaging`"
}
# update nvram setting when upgrading
if [ "$2" = "1" ]; then
nvram set restore_defaults=1
klogger "Restore defaults is set."
else
nvram set restore_defaults=2
fi
[ "$upkernel" = "true" ] && nvram set flag_ota_reboot=1
nvram set flag_upgrade_push=1
nvram commit
if [ "$3" = "1" ]; then
klogger "Skip rebooting..."
else
klogger "Rebooting..."
reboot
fi
}
uploadUpgrade() {
[ "1" = "`cat /proc/xiaoqiang/ft_mode`" ] && return 0
[ "YES" != "`uci -q get xiaoqiang.common.INITTED`" ] && return 0
wanstatus=`ubus call network.interface.wan status | grep up | grep false`
if [ "$wanstatus" = "" ];then
logger stat_points_none upgrade=start
[ -f /usr/sbin/StatPoints ] && /usr/sbin/StatPoints
fi
}
#check pid exist
pid_file="/tmp/pid_xxxx"
if [ -f $pid_file ]; then
exist_pid=`cat $pid_file`
if [ -n $exist_pid ]; then
kill -0 $exist_pid 2>/dev/null
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
klogger "Upgrading, exit... $?"
exit 1
else
echo $$ > $pid_file
fi
else
echo $$ > $pid_file
fi
else
echo $$ > $pid_file
fi
upgrade_param_check $1
# image verification...
uploadUpgrade
board_start_upgrade_led
# stop services
# board_prepare_upgrade
# prepare to extract file
filename=`basename $1`
upgrade_prepare_dir $1
cd /tmp/system_upgrade
# start board-specific upgrading...
klogger "Begin Upgrading and Rebooting..."
board_system_upgrade $filename $2 $3
# some board may reset after system upgrade and not reach here
# clean up
cd /
cap=700
curcap=`du -sk /tmp/system_upgrade/|awk '{print $1}'`
if [[ $curcap -gt $cap ]] ; then
upkernel=true
fi
rm -rf /tmp/system_upgrade
upgrade_done_set_flags $1 $2 $3支付宝消费券福利分享
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